Tips for FEM Analysis of Solid Phase Transformation During Welding
Welding is one of the most critical processes in mechanical and structural engineering. Beyond simply joining metals, it introduces complex thermal cycles, stress fields, and microstructural transformations that can significantly affect the performance of the welded joint. For high-temperature steels like P91, understanding these transformations is essential for predicting residual stresses, hardness distribution, and service […]
Thermal Expansion: Holding bad boys in their prison
Confession Time: I sometimes totally underestimate thermal expansion it looks so innocent on paper! 🤓 Let’s break it down: We’ve all seen that classic formula strain = ΔT × α, where α (alpha) is the material’s “how much do I expand when heated?” number. For aluminum, α is 23e-6 /°C which looks ridiculously tiny, like a […]
