Product Overview:
This tutorial covers the high-velocity impact simulation of a steel rod on a composite panel consisting of Steel, Ceramic, and Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic (AFRP) layers using Abaqus. The steel rod and its cover are modeled as three-dimensional solid parts, while the ceramic and AFRP layers are also treated as 3D solid parts. The AFRP section is modeled with four individual layers.

To simulate the steel rod and cover, the Johnson-Cook plasticity and damage model is applied. This model, commonly used for metals in high-strain-rate deformation scenarios, is well-suited for adiabatic transient dynamic simulations. For the AFRP composite material, lamina elastic behavior is employed alongside Hashin’s damage criterion, which is tailored for fiber-reinforced materials. This model effectively predicts damage onset and its evolution in anisotropic materials, making it ideal for composites.

The ceramic layer is modeled using the Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel (JHB) model, which provides a comprehensive approach to capturing ceramic behavior under impact. The JHB model includes pressure-dependent yield surfaces, a damage model to account for material transitions from intact to fractured states, and an equation of state (EOS) to manage pressure-density relations, bulking effects, and phase changes.

A dynamic explicit step is used for this analysis, with the general contact algorithm applied to manage all interactions between parts. Perfect contact is assumed between the ceramic, AFRP layers, and the steel cover. Fixed boundary conditions are set for the panel’s sides, and the steel projectile is assigned an initial velocity. Ensuring a fine mesh is crucial to achieving accurate results.

Upon completion of the simulation, outputs such as stress, strain, damage parameters for each component, velocity diagrams, and failure modes are available.